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Total effect versus direct effect when you control a mediator

In a causal system, a treatment's total effect on the outcome is 55. Of that, 33 flows indirectly through a mediator mm (treatment moves mm, mm moves the outcome), and the remaining 22 is a direct effect that does not pass through mm.

If you control for mm in your regression, what does the treatment coefficient estimate, and how far is it from the total effect you intended to measure?

Your answer

This one is open-ended. Work it through, then check your reasoning against the full solution.

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